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In this unit we learned about genetic disorders. One of them was down syndrome. Down syndrome occurs when an individual has a full or partial extra copy of chromosome 21.This additional genetic material alters the course of development and causes the characteristics associated with Down syndrome. A few of the common physical traits of Down syndrome are low muscle tone, small stature, an upward slant to the eyes, and a single deep crease across the center of the palm - although each person with Down syndrome is a unique individual and may possess these characteristics to different degrees, or not at all.
This resource button will take you to a website that explains what karyotypes are and what they can reveal.
This link will take you to a video about sex-linked disorders and why they are more common in males.
This button will take you to picture of someone who has Turner's syndrome karyotype.
SUMMARY:
The failure of one or more pairs of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate normally during nuclear division, usually resulting in an abnormal distribution of chromosomes in the daughter nuclei is nondisjunction. All of your body cells, except eggs and sperm cells, have two sets of 23 chromosomes, for a total of 46 chromosomes. Having two sets of chromosomes is called diploid and designated as 2n. Eggs and sperm cells are called gametes, and they have only one set of 23 chromosomes, which is called a haploid, or n. When two haploid gametes (one egg and one sperm cell) fuse during fertilization, a diploid cell is produced. This diploid cell has one set of chromosomes from the egg and one set of chromosomes from the sperm cell. This diploid cell will divide and develop into a baby.This is when nondisjunction can occur and lead to chromosomal disorders. I enjoyed learning how to do punnett squares, and i want to learn more about genetic disorders.
The failure of one or more pairs of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate normally during nuclear division, usually resulting in an abnormal distribution of chromosomes in the daughter nuclei is nondisjunction. All of your body cells, except eggs and sperm cells, have two sets of 23 chromosomes, for a total of 46 chromosomes. Having two sets of chromosomes is called diploid and designated as 2n. Eggs and sperm cells are called gametes, and they have only one set of 23 chromosomes, which is called a haploid, or n. When two haploid gametes (one egg and one sperm cell) fuse during fertilization, a diploid cell is produced. This diploid cell has one set of chromosomes from the egg and one set of chromosomes from the sperm cell. This diploid cell will divide and develop into a baby.This is when nondisjunction can occur and lead to chromosomal disorders. I enjoyed learning how to do punnett squares, and i want to learn more about genetic disorders.